Easy Way of Performing Hajj

Easy Way of Performing Hajj

By: Mufti Jaseemuddin Qasmi
Lecturer: Markazul Ma’arif Education and Research Centre MMERC
Coordinator: Darul Ifta of Markazul Ma’arif, Mumbai

There are three kinds of Hajj:

1. Tamattu’
2. Qiran
3. Ifrad

One can perform Hajj in any of these three ways. However, those who reside within the boundary of Miqat must perform Hajj-e-Ifrad. (Miqat refers to the designated boundary on various sides before entering Makkah. Anyone crossing this boundary with the intention of performing Hajj or Umrah must be in the state of Ihram.)

Hajj-e-Tamattu’
One should wear the Ihram for Umrah from the Miqat. After entering Makkah, they should perform Tawaf and Sa’i of Umrah and then exit the state of Ihram by shaving or trimming the hair.
On the 7th or 8th of Dhul-Hijjah, they should wear Ihram again—this time for Hajj. On the 8th of Dhul-Hijjah, they should enter Mina reciting the Talbiyah:
“Labbayka Allāhumma Labbayk. Labbayk Lā Sharīka Laka Labbayk. Inna al-Ḥamda, wa n-Niʻmata, Laka wal-Mulk, Lā Sharīka Lak.”
Then, they should perform all the prescribed rituals during the six days of Hajj.

Hajj-e-Qiran
The one who wishes to perform Hajj in this manner should wear Ihram for both Hajj and Umrah at the same time. After entering Makkah, they should perform Tawaf and Sa’i of Umrah, but remain in the state of Ihram—refraining from all that is forbidden while in Ihram. On the 8th of Dhul-Hijjah, they should proceed to Mina and perform the Hajj rituals during the six-day period.

Hajj-e-Ifrad
The one who opts for this form of Hajj should wear Ihram solely for Hajj. Upon entering Makkah, they may perform Tawaf al-Qudoom and remain in the state of Ihram, abstaining from all prohibited actions. On the 8th of Dhul-Hijjah, they should go to Mina reciting the Talbiyah and perform all the prescribed rituals of Hajj.

Rituals to Be Performed During Hajj
First Day (8th Dhul-Hijjah):
In Mina, the pilgrim (Haji) should perform the following prayers: Fajr, Dhuhr, Asr, Maghrib, Isha, and the Fajr prayer of the 9th Dhul-Hijjah.

Second Day (9th Dhul-Hijjah):
After Fajr, the pilgrim should proceed from Mina to Arafat while reciting the Talbiyah. In Arafat, they should perform Dhuhr and Asr prayers. Then, until sunset, they should engage in supplication (dua) while facing the Qiblah.
After sunset, they should move from Arafat to Muzdalifah. Upon reaching Muzdalifah, they should perform both Maghrib and Isha prayers consecutively at the time of Isha. The night should be spent there.

Third Day (10th Dhul-Hijjah):
In Muzdalifah, the pilgrim should perform the Fajr prayer and then depart for Mina before sunrise. There, they should collect pebbles. In Mina, they should stone the large (Aqabah) Jamarah with seven pebbles and stop reciting the Talbiyah.

After that, they should:

• Offer the sacrifice,
• Shave or trim their hair,
• Exit the state of Ihram.

Then they should perform Tawaf al-Ziyarah.
The sacrifice, shaving/trimming, Tawaf al-Ziyarah, and Sa’i of Hajj may be delayed until the 12th of Dhul-Hijjah if needed.

Fourth and Fifth Days (11th and 12th Dhul-Hijjah):
On both days, the pilgrim should stone all three Jamarat after the sun has declined (i.e., after midday).
If the sacrifice, Tawaf al-Ziyarah, or Sa’i of Hajj were not completed on the 10th, they may be performed during the day or night of the 11th or 12th of Dhul-Hijjah.
After stoning the Jamarat on the 12th, the pilgrim may depart from Mina.

Sixth Day (13th Dhul-Hijjah):
If the pilgrim did not leave Mina on the 12th, then on the 13th of Dhul-Hijjah, they must stone all three Jamarat after the sun has declined.

Forbidden Acts during Ihram for Both Men and Women

1. Using perfume.
2. Clipping nails.
3. Removing pubic or armpit hair.
4. Covering the face.
5. Engaging in marital intimacy or foreplay.
6. Hunting land animals.

Forbidden Acts during Ihram for Men Only

1. Wearing stitched clothing.
2. Covering the head with a cap, turban, or sheet.
3. Wearing footwear that covers the middle bone of the foot.

Permissible Acts in the State of Ihram

1. Taking a bath (without using soap).
2. Washing and changing the Ihram.
3. Wearing rings, watches, spectacles, belts, umbrellas, etc.
4. Applying bandages and taking medication.
5. Killing harmful animals such as snakes, scorpions, lizards, wasps, bugs, flies, and mosquitoes.
6. Using oil or ghee in food.
7. Sleeping with an extra sheet over the Ihram; however, men must keep their heads uncovered, and women must keep their faces uncovered.
   

   

When Dam (sacrificial penalty) becomes obligatory
If someone commits certain prohibited acts or misses any of the obligatory acts of Hajj while being in Haram or in the state of Ihram, a Dam (sacrificial penalty) becomes obligatory upon him. For example:

• Cutting hair
• Clipping nails
• Wearing stitched clothing
• Engaging in sexual intercourse
• Applying perfume
• Applying oil
• Hunting land animals
• Hunting within the boundaries of the Haram
• Cutting trees within the Haram
• Leaving out any obligatory act of Hajj or Umrah

If a person, without any valid excuse, commits a complete act that is prohibited during Ihram, then offering a Dam (a sacrifice such as a goat, cow, or camel) becomes obligatory.
To take an example, a person, while in the state of Ihram, shaves his head completely without any valid Shariah excuse. Since this is a complete violation and was done without excuse, offering a Dam becomes obligatory.
If the violation is partial (incomplete) and done without a valid excuse, then giving Sadaqah becomes obligatory.
For example, while in Ihram, a person cuts one or two nails without any valid reason. As this is a partial violation and done without excuse, giving Sadaqah (e.g., feeding a few poor people) becomes obligatory.

If an obligatory act of Hajj is left due to an excuse, then Dam (sacrificial penalty) does not become obligatory — but the excuse must be one that comes from Allah (i.e., a divine or natural excuse). If the excuse is caused by a human (i.e., from the creation), and because of it the obligation is missed, then Dam becomes obligatory.

Take an example, a person was supposed to perform Wuquf (stay) at Muzdalifah (which is an obligatory act of Hajj), but he suddenly fell seriously ill, became extremely weak, or lost consciousness, making it impossible for him to go.
Since this excuse is from Allah (i.e., a natural or divine excuse), if the person fails to perform Wuquf at Muzdalifah, Dam is not required.
A person intended to perform Wuquf at Muzdalifah, but his group or caravan failed to take him on time, or transport was not arranged, or he himself was negligent in making proper arrangements.
Since the excuse is from the creation (i.e., human error or negligence), and the obligation was missed due to it, Dam becomes obligatory.
By Dam being obligatory, it refers to the minimum level of Dam, i.e., a goat, sheep, or one-seventh share of a cow or camel.

Among all the violations (Jinayat), there are only two specific violations for which a Badanah (i.e., a full camel or a full cow) becomes obligatory:

• If a person has intercourse with his wife after the Wuquf of Arafah but before completing the remaining rituals of Hajj.
• If a person performs Tawaf al-Ziyarah while in a state of major impurity (Janabah, menstruation, or postnatal bleeding).

Similarly, if a person dies after the Wuquf of Arafah and leaves instructions for his Hajj to be completed, then a Badanah (camel or cow) must also be sacrificed on his behalf.